The Hidden Fire The True Character of Allison Porter - Literature Essay Samples

When talking about masterpieces in English theater, John Osborne ´s â€Å"Look back in anger† must be mentioned. Kenneth Tynan, critic for The Observer in 1956, claimed the play to be â€Å"the first totally original play of a new generation† (Bond, 1999). The main character, Jimmy Porter, breaks the mold of the â€Å"knight in a shining armor† and brings on scene the â€Å"angry young man†. Behind Jimmy ´s fiery, outshining monologues stands his friend Cliff and his wife, Alison. Some critics define Alison as a submissive figure, victim of Jimmy ´s rage. But this assumption impedes us to discover another reality behind her silence. In this essay I argue that Alison is not really a passive character and how the couple is just evading reality with the figures of â€Å"the squirrel and the bear†. Emine Tecimer quotes from Austin E. Quigley: â€Å"Jimmy’s attacks on Alison repeatedly focus on what he perceives as her lethargy, her timidity, and her readiness to accept whatever comes her way† (Quigley, 1997, cited in Tecimer, 2005: 14). Before moving on, let ´s develop these ideas around Alison. Both her actions—leaving everything she knew for Jimmy— and some pieces in Jimmy ´s discourse— â€Å"Oh, it’s not that she hasn’t her own kind of passion. She has the passion of a python.† (Jimmy, Act I, p. 37)— demonstrates a passionate, loving and sacrificed woman. What may appear as lethargy could be tiredness from evading her husband ´s outbreaks and avoiding confrontation; but why does she act this way? Afolayan, in â€Å"Poetics of Anger in John Osborne’s Look Back in Anger and Femi Osofisan’s The Chattering and the Song.†, quotes: Luc Gilleman sees her inactions as participatory. He states t hat â€Å"the provocation – withdrawal interaction pattern in Look Back in Anger appears to be â€Å"complimentary† in that one of the partners reacts with the complimentary behavior of submission to the verbal attacks of the other.† [Denison 78]. In fact, Gilleman contends that â€Å"Alison’s withdrawal is secret provocation †¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Afolayan, 132). Certainly, this might be true in a subconscious level; Cliff says something that might corroborate that idea: â€Å"Cliff —I’m wondering how much longer I can go on watching you two tearing the insides out of each other.† (Cliff, Act I: 28). Nonetheless, those dense silences may not have a defensive purpose. Alison is a middle-class woman; therefore, she has been taught to keep her composure on every situation, which means she must keep her emotions for herself. Moreover, that is a continuous reminder of her â€Å"posh† origins; for Jimmy, Alison is a symbol of the middle class that he resents. Her numbness could be a reminder of his mother as well, who looked after Jimmy ´s father (after he came back from war and died) without ever complaining —he always blamed her for not caring enough—. Hence, Alison is in a complicated position; she is between her family and everything she has learned; and her love to a passive-aggressive Jimmy. She ends up taking an inactive position, as she regrets it almost at the end— â€Å"I don ´t want to be neutral† (Alison, act III: 95)—. Even though Alison manages to stay calm, Jimmy ´s fury and continuous judgement overwhelms her. Besides, she still loves her husband and has no desire to upset him back:  "I pretended not to be listening – because I knew that would hurt him, I suppose.† (Alison, act I: 28). She is unable to â€Å"take his suffering away from him†, for she knows â€Å"he ´d be lost without it† (Alison, act II: 54). In the end, this lead her to silence. Whenever she is alone with Cliff, Helena or her dad, she speaks and gives us a cold glance of her despair; but when Jimmy appears, his monologues charged with bitterness overshadows anything she might argue. The majority of her few words to him are related to mundane or real things, not to his complaints— â€Å"Oh I haven ´t read it yet† (Alison, act I: 11)—. She only manages to raise her voice in front of him when she assumes a maternal role: â€Å"Alison—Look out, for heaven’s sake! Oh, it’s more like a zoo every day!† (Alison, act I: 15) and when she has reached her limit of pain at the end. We should make a stop here and discuss the relationship between Cliff and Alison. To many critics and readers, there could be an affair between them. Even Helena, Alison ´s friend, find their relationship as â€Å"a little strange- by most people ´s standards† (Helena, Act II: 47 ). It is true that they are bonded by a mutual feeling, but not for themselves: they both love— and suffer— Jimmy. Alison needs a confident: she has separated from her family and friends while taking her husband’s attacks every single day; Cliff becomes a support in real life and a counselor— I’ve never heard you talking like this about him. He’d be quite pleased.† (Cliff, Act I, scene one: 30)—; she takes care for him as well. They give each other strength to resist both Jimmy and reality. Time is moving, the world is changing; henceforth, the personages have decided to trap themselves into the routine of â€Å"just another Sunday eveningâ⠂¬  (Jimmy, act I, scene one: 17). Jimmy is aware of the changes and injustices that seem to menace his world, as well as the numbness of those who surround him. As a result, he resists and defends himself from a â€Å"pretty dreary† time: the â€Å"American Age† (Jimmy, act I, scene one: 17); he intends to wake everyone up. Alison just evades Jimmy ´s words and resigns to her new reality (both personal and social), because she has â€Å"burnt her boats† (Alison, act II, scene one: 47). This is ironic: it was that â€Å"fire† in Jimmy, this sense of life, danger and passion he emanated, that attracted her. His attachment to the past (a one-man battle) and her negative to follow his path only widens the bridge between them. Ironically, the only time when they can be themselves is when they escape the real world and become the bear and the squirrel, then â€Å"everything just seems all right suddenly† (Alison, Act I, scene one: 34). By evading rea lity, Jimmy and Alison break down the walls of social classes and allow themselves to be naà ¯ve, playful, natural, even to set free their lust, just like animals. It is interesting to see how they adopt contrasting characteristics of these animals in reality (out of the game) without being aware. Let ´s ignore their casual physical resemblance to the animals and focus on their temper. Most of the time, Jimmy is attacking anyone, just like an angry bear does when in danger or pain. However, when he plays with Alison, another side of his personality comes out: â€Å"tenderness† and sweetness. He is no longer a beast, but a teddy bear that one is compelled to love. And how does Alison mirror the squirrel? She is usually evading Jimmy ´s attacks; yet, she remains still, like a statute —or a toy—. Only some few words let him know she is there, at least in body — â€Å"Oh, give it to him, Jimmy, for heaven ´s sake! I can ´t think!† (Alison, act I, scene one: 10)—. In the game, she comes out from her impassiveness (Claire Bloom ´s representation of the squirrel is excellent to see a cheerful Alison with â€Å"crazy eyes†). The game reaches its climax when the innocence becomes lust and the two lovers become one in a passionate instant. Although Jimmy is constantly showing his annoyance, it only hides his real emotions, which means he is not completely authentic either. The fury in Jimmy is nothing but a cover: to his nostalgia—the glorious time of England is coming to an end, while America gains power, invading politics and culture—; his resentment for the opportunities he could never get (unlike Nigel, Alison ´s brother) because he is nothing but an educated working-class man and to his many struggles to have a fairly decent â€Å"life†, being â€Å"a young man without money† (Jimmy, act II, scene one: 59 ), not as Alison ´s family and friends. He â€Å"learnt at an early age what it was to be angry- angry and helpless†, (Jimmy, act II, scene one: 58) by experiencing his father ´s death; he feels rejection as well, thinking that for the love of his life he is nothing but â€Å"a dirty word† (Jimmy, act I); and he has nobody to share those feelings with. Furthermore, Jimmy is also a victim of social pressures related to gender. For a heterosexual man, crying would be inappropriate. He has been deprived of his right to mourn aloud. Thus, he must choose between being an inexpressive gentleman or a rebellious man. His decision affected him and everyone he knew and loved, especially Alison. Another key aspect to consider Alison ´s actions in the play is her pregnancy. For her, having a baby was not an option— â€Å"It’s always been out of the question. What with – this place, and no money, and oh – everything. He’s resented it, I know.† (Alison, act I, scene one: 29)—. This, as well as Helena ´s arrival and subsequent â€Å"advices†Ã¢â‚¬â€ â€Å"But you can’t go on living in this way any longer† (Helena, act II, scene one: 46)— helped her to leave. Right after the stroke of Hugh ´s mom, Jimmy was so demoralized that he even allowed himself to be vulnerabl e and ask for help â€Å"I need you†¦to come with me† (Jimmy, act II, scene two: 62). In spite of this, Alison was no longer able to help him: she was about to leave him and pass through her own process. Only one person stayed to face the coming storm: Helena. She was not afraid of being there when Jimmy came back devastated and saw Alison ´s note, she was there, as always with â€Å"strength and dignity† (Introduction, act II, scene one: 40); that note was actually a big hit for him, yet he used once again his anger as a pivot to blame Alison: â€Å"She couldn’t say ‘You rotten bastard! I hate your guts, I’m clearing out, and I hope you rot!’ No, she had to make a polite, emotional mess out of it!† (Jimmy, act II, scene two: 90). Yet, Helena was able to confront his anger and that attracted him. He finally could share his emotions with someone and satisfy his desire, all at once. During their short relationship, she managed to â€Å"settle in so easily somehow† (Alison, act III, scene one). Still, Jimmy always loved and desired his wife above all— â€Å"There’s hardly a moment when I’m not – watching and wanting you.† (Jimmy, act I)—. Once Alison had lost her baby, she reached the bottom: she was alone. She came back hating herself; she was starting to connect with her feelings, and letting them out— â€Å"You sound as though you were quoting him all the time.† (Helena, act III, scene one: 89). At last, she found something to relate with her husband in a deeper, real, human level (besides sex): pain and sorrow. She was ready to be â€Å"a lost cause† like Jimmy. Helena loved Jimmy, but she could not â€Å"take part- in all this suffering† (Helena, act III, scene two). Alison Porter is a more complex character than people think. Their story may seem as that of an abusive husband and his martyr wife; but it is actually the tale of two broken lovers trying to find themselves. Behind a mask of no emotions, hides a sorrowful woman trying â€Å"to be a saint† (Alison, act II); behind a mask of malice, hides a misunderstood man. The only glances of happiness and authenticity Alison enjoys are those when Jimmy and herself join hands and escape reality in animal forms; in their world, there are no social standards or judgmental looks, just a bear and a squirrel, â€Å"all love, and no brains† (Alison, act II, scene one: 47). Bibliography Bond, P. â€Å"Look back in anger by John Osborne†. World Socialist Web Site, September 14, 1999. Web: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/1999/09/look-s14.html (Accessed April 10, 2017). Falak N., Anila J. â€Å"An analysis of identity crisis of Osborne ´s character ‘Jimmy Porter’ in Look back in Anger†. Brithish Journal of English Linguistics, September 2015. 20-24. Web: http://www.eajournals.org/wp-content/uploads/An-Analysis-of-Identity-Crisis-of-Osbornes-Character-Jimmy-Porter-In-Look-Back-in-Anger.pdf (Accessed April 9, 2017). F. Afolayan, B. â€Å"Poetics of anger in John Osborne ´s Look back in anger and Femi Osofisan ´s The Chattering and the song†. British Journal of English Linguistics, 2012. 123-141. Web: http://www.bjournal.co.uk/paper/bjass_5_1/bjass_05_01_13.pdf (Accessed April 8, 2017). Osborne, J. Look back in anger. London: Faber and Faber, 1957. Tecimer, E. â€Å"The analysis of the theme of anger in John Osborne ´s plays: Lo ok Back in anger, Inadmissible evidence, Watch it come down†. Middle East Technical University, july 2005. Web: https://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606208/index.pdf (Accessed April 9, 2017).

Final Report Towards The Fulfillment Of My Course Cs5020 (...

CPT Final Report Balaji Pulluri 700623394 Professor: Dr. Xiaodong Yue chair Professor, Dept of Mats Comp. Sci. Subject: Submission of Final Report towards the fulfillment of my course CS5020 (Internship in Computer Science). Job Duties I was given the work as what a fulltime employment do but given a flexibility over deadline as I was an intern for first few weeks. I have worked on developing a new interface for the category search and also working on the SEO tickets and fixing the bugs. I worked on the tracking ticket, implementing the complete tracking(Click and Impression tracking) for a third party data provider. I was working on JavaScript over NodeJs framework and the Jade Templating. Worked on†¦show more content†¦Now the user has different tabs for each of the above functionality stated. For the better and reliable of access to user, build a new functionality that has all the three functionalities under one tab. Now on submitting, I have written an Action class to populate the results on the same page. Incorporating two new functionalities, one is user has the ability to check the items, which are needed to support the above functionality. Previously the reorder or replacement function was in support for all the orders made. The other functionality is the user needs to select the Reasons and based on the reason selected the sub-reasons should be provided to select. Populating the Sub-reasons based on the reason selected by connecting to the database. Working on the Full Reorder Tool by building UI and writing code of JavaAction classes and populating the results as per the requirement. Building java pages for the Full Reorder tool and Internal Reorder Tool. Writing Reasons table in database which are product specific and getting the results on UI of Full Reorder Tool. Building and Modifying the necessary changes over Full Reorder working tool. Writing new tables and its properties into the database to store the items from the Full Reorder tool. Needed to change the code over java files and jsp’s for the UI changes. Adding Validations for the Scripts.Debugging the errors in the Stage environment. I also worked on Research of removing the delay of 400ms over tracking

The Debate Over Unauthorized Use Of A Persons Art Work

In contemporary photography a major issue has been debate over unauthorized use of a person’s art work to create something new. Appropriation is the most frequently used word whenever a body of work comes into question. Exploring deeper into this phrase used to justifying stealing, may sound simple on the surface, but appropriation has been a hot topic for many legal battles that can favor either side. Photographers and other artist are constantly in and out of court, fighting that their works is being infringed, while others argue originality. What guideline is there to protect someone from their being considered stolen? Exploring the laws behind appropriation and plagiarism, as well some photographer that fought on both sides may give a better idea of on how one can protect them. The first step to understanding the controversy appropriation is to know the definition, The MOCA in Los Angeles states, â€Å"To appropriate is to borrow. Appropriation is the practice of creating a new work by taking a pre-existing image from another context—art history, advertising, the media—and combining that appropriated image with new ones. Or, a well-known artwork by someone else may be represented as the appropriator’s own. Such borrowings can be regarded as the two-dimensional equivalent of the found object. But instead of, say, incorporating that â€Å"found† image into a new collage, the postmodern appropriator redraws, repaints, or rephotographs it.† This definition in itself can leaveShow MoreRelatedCopyright Laws Of The United States1600 Words   |  7 Pagesoriginal works of authorship. â€Å"Copyright law in the United States is based on the Copyright Act of 1976, a federal statute that went into effect on January 1, 1978,† according to FindLaw. FindLaw also states that, â€Å"Individual states cannot enact their own laws to protect the same rights provided by the Copyright Act. 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Economics for Business Microeconomics Deals Economy

Question: Describe about the Economics for Business of Microeconomics Deals Economy. Answer: Introduction Macroeconomics deals with the performance of the economy in the short and long run adhered to the macroeconomic variables prevailing in the country. It helps in analysing the complexities and the method in which the country works (Mankiw, 2014). It deals with the production of all the goods and services in the economy that thereby considers the national market of the country. This essay explores the short run and the long run equilibrium in the economy, where it analyses the short run equilibrium and the challenges that are explored in the short run. Along with that, the long run equilibrium of the economy set by the principles and theories are stated where the government plays a major function in attaining the equilibrium. The essay helps in analysing the reason for the stable economy to operate at an output level where the aggregate demand curve, long run and the short run aggregate supply curve intersect. This study has been divided into further subdivisions that would analyse the objectives of the essay in a orderly manner. The essay at first depicts the aggregate demand curve, short run supply curve and the long run supply curve. Following the definition of the three, it analyses the short run equilibrium, government intervention in the economy followed by the long run equilibrium. Aggregate Demand Curve, Short Run Aggregate Supply Curve and Long Run Aggregate Supply Curve Aggregate demand curve of an economy consists of the consumption expenditure, planned investment, government purchases and net exports. It is a downward sloping curve which could be written as Y= C+I+G+NX (Stock Watson, 2016). The shift in the aggregate demand curve could be a result from change in the autonomous monetary policy, government purchases, taxes, net exports and consumption expenditure. Short run aggregate supply curve consists of three aspects, expected inflation, output gap and inflation shock. The supply curve is a positively sloped curve, where the slope of the curve depends upon how fast the prices respond about the variations in the output gap (Buiter, 2014). Long Run Aggregate Supply curve is determined by the amount of capital and labour used in manufacture along with the accessibility of technology usage in the production process. The natural rate of output is vertical which is generated by the natural rate of unemployment. Equilibrium in the short run In the short run term of an economy, equilibrium is achieved when the aggregate demand curve intersects the aggregate supply curve. The economy consists of three markets, namely, labour market, financial market and product market (Benigno, Ricci, Surico, 2015). It is quite vital for an economy to achieve equilibrium in all these three markets, that would help the economy to flourish. Availabilities of various fluctuations are noticed in the aggregate demand and aggregate supply model faced by an economy. This would be shown with the help of the following figure : Figure 1: Short Run Equilibrium (Source: As Created By the Author) In figure 1, initial aggregate demand and supply curves were AD and AS1, and equilibrium occurs at point E1. The equilibrium price level is P1 and Y1 corresponding to that equilibrium point. Sudden supply shocks are experienced in the economy, which causes a rightward shift of the supply curve. The increase in supply results from the shift of the supply curve from S1 to S2. Corresponding to the new equilibrium, the new price level is achieved at P2 and output level at Y2. Hence, it could be seen that there is a fall in the price level of the economy and a rise in the output level. In the short run, not all the factors of production are variable in nature. At least one of the factors are considered to be fixed. Hence, it could be stated that the economy may or may not be able to achieve the stability in the market after the supply shock that has been experienced. Government intervention In order to bring stability in the short run of the economy, government plays a vital role in imputing certain measurable changes that could bring the situation under control. Government exercises various expansionary and contractionary fiscal measures depending upon the situation (Scarth, 2014). In order to reduce the output in the market, the government employees certain contractionary measures, whereas, in order to overcome the deficit in output, the government undertakes expansionary measures in the economy. These measures help in restabilising the current state of the economy. The government can impute changes in the level of taxation, employment level, inflationary measures and other economical aspects, thereby accessing the equilibrium position of the markets. Long run equilibrium The Long Run Supply Curve faced by an economy is vertical, and it is quite important for the economy to choose a point of economys equilibrium where the aggregate demand curve, short run aggregate supply curve and the long run aggregate supply curve intersect. Figure 2: Long Run Equilibrium (Source: As Created by the Author) In the following figure, at first equilibrium occurs when AD1, AS1 and LRAS intersect. At that point, the short run equilibrium is in accordance with the long run equilibrium output, Q. With the change in some fiscal policy measures, there is an decrease of the aggregate demand curve from AD1 to AD2. This would shift the equilibrium point away from the long run equilibrium achieved earlier. There would be a rise in the price level along with the rise in the output. This would be considered as the new short run equilibrium in the economy (Weeks, 2013). Yet, as the economy further moves towards the long run, the expected price level of the economy would come in accordance with the actual price level of the firms, producers and workers. This would correspondingly shift the AS curve from AS1 to AS2. This would thereby shift the equilibrium position back in alignment with the long run equilibrium. Hence, it could be stated that during the short run in the economy, changes has been noticed both in the price level and the output level whereas, in the long run, changes are considered only in the price level and output remains the same. The contractionary measures affect the equilibrium exactly the opposite, yet, it manages to return back to the long run equilibrium level (Goodwin, Nelson, Harris, Torras, Roach, 2013). Hence, it could be stated from the above analysis that in order to attain stability in the economy, the aggregate demand curve, short run aggregate supply curve and the long run aggregate supply curve must intersect at the same point. Conclusion This study has provided the scope of analysing the mechanism and the process of how the economy manages to attain the equilibrium level of output amidst all the external and internal shocks prevailing within the economy. It is seen that these shocks affect the short run equilibrium level of the economy, yet, with the movement of the economy towards the long run, the stability is easily achieved. This stability brings changes in the price level yet; the output level remains the same. Government intervention in the short run time period of the economy helps in restoring the discrepancies that erupts. They utilize various fiscal measures in oirder to help the country to gain over such extreme situations. It provides the nation with the initiative of maintaining the demand and supply stability in the economy thereby, reducing unemployment and inflation. Relatively, the long run situation is achieved which enforces the stability of the country. Reference Benigno, P., Ricci, L. A., Surico, P. (2015). Unemployment and productivity in the long run: the role of macroeconomic volatility. Review of Economics and Statistics, 97(3), 698-709. Buiter, W. H. (2014). Temporary Equilibrium and Long-Run Equilibrium (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. Goodwin, N., Nelson, J., Harris, J., Torras, M., Roach, B. (2013). Macroeconomics in context. . ME Sharpe. Mankiw, N. G. (2014). Principles of macroeconomics. . Cengage Learning. Scarth, W. (2014). Macroeconomics. Books. Stock, J. H., Watson, M. W. (2016). Dynamic Factor Models, Factor-Augmented Vector Autoregressions, and Structural Vector Autoregressions in Macroeconomics. Handbook of Macroeconomics, 2, 415-525. Weeks, J. (2013). Book Review: A Modern Guide to Keynesian Macroeconomics and Economic Policies. Review of Radical Political Economics, 45(2), 240-242.

Nursing questions free essay sample

The nurse is performing her admission assessment of a patient. When grading arterial pulses, a 1+ pulse indicates: Above normal perfusion. Absent perfusion. Normal perfusion. Diminished perfusion. Murmurs that indicate heart disease are often accompanied by other symptoms such as: Dyspnea on exertion. Subcutaneous emphysema. Thoracic petechiae. Periorbital edema. Which pregnancy-related physiologic change would place the patient with a history of cardiac disease at the greatest risk of developing severe cardiac problems? Decrease heart rate Decreased cardiac output Increased plasma volume Increased blood pressure The priority nursing diagnosis for the patient with cardiomyopathy is: Anxiety related to risk of declining health status. Ineffective individual coping related to fear of debilitating illness Fluid volume excess related to altered compensatory mechanisms. Decreased cardiac output related to reduced myocardial contractility. A patient with thrombophlebitis reached her expected outcomes of care. Her affected leg appears pink and warm. Her pedal pulse is palpable and there is no edema present. We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing questions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Which step in the nursing process is described above? Planning Implementation Analysis Evaluation An elderly patient may have sustained a basilar skull fracture after slipping and falling on an icy sidewalk. The nurse knows that basilar skull factures: Are the least significant type of skull fracture. May have cause cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks from the nose or ears. Have no characteristic findings. Are always surgically repaired. Which of the following types of drugs might be given to control increased intracranial pressure (ICP)? Barbiturates Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors Anticholinergics Histamine receptor blockers The nurse is teaching family members of a patient with a concussion about the early signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which of the following would she cite as an early sign of increased ICP? Decreased systolic blood pressure Headache and vomiting Inability to wake the patient with noxious stimuli Dilated pupils that don’t react to light Jessie James is diagnosed with retinal detachment. Which intervention is the most important for this patient? Admitting him to the hospital on strict bed rest Patching both of his eyes Referring him to an ophthalmologist Preparing him for surgery Dr. Bruce Owen, a chemist, sustained a chemical burn to one eye. Which intervention takes priority for a patient with a chemical burn of the eye? Patch the affected eye and call the ophthalmologist. Administer a cycloplegic agent to reduce ciliary spasm. Immediately instill a tropical anesthetic, then irrigate the eye with saline solution. Administer antibiotics to reduce the risk of infection The nurse is assessing a patient and notes a Brudzinski’s sign and Kernig’s sign. These are two classic signs of which of the following disorders? Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) Meningitis Seizure disorder Parkinson’s disease A patient is admitted to the hospital for a brain biopsy. The nurse knows that the most common type of primary brain tumor is: Meningioma. Angioma. Hemangioblastoma. Glioma. The nurse should instruct the patient with Parkinson’s disease to avoid which of the following? Walking in an indoor shopping mall Sitting on the deck on a cool summer evening Walking to the car on a cold winter day Sitting on the beach in the sun on a summer day Gary Jordan suffered a cerebrovascular accident that left her unable to comprehend speech and unable to speak. This type of aphasia is known as: Receptive aphasia Expressive aphasia Global aphasia Conduction aphasia Kelly Smith complains that her headaches are occurring more frequently despite medications. Patients with a history of headaches should be taught to avoid: Freshly prepared meats. Citrus fruits. Skim milk Chocolate Immediately following cerebral aneurysm rupture, the patient usually complains of: Photophobia Explosive headache Seizures Hemiparesis Which of the following is a cause of embolic brain injury? Persistent hypertension Subarachnoid hemorrhage Atrial fibrillation Skull fracture Although Ms. Priestly has a spinal cord injury, she can still have sexual intercourse. Discharge teaching should make her aware that: She must remove indwelling urinary catheter prior to intercourse. She can no longer achieve orgasm. Positioning may be awkward. She can still get pregnant. Ivy Hopkins, age 25, suffered a cervical fracture requiring immobilization with halo traction. When caring for the patient in halo traction, the nurse must: Keep a wrench taped to the halo vest for quick removal if cardiopulmonary resuscitation is necessary. Remove the brace once a day to allow the patient to rest. Encourage the patient to use a pillow under the ring. Remove the brace so that the patient can shower. The nurse asks a patient’s husband if he understands why his wife is receiving nimodipine (Nimotop), since she suffered a cerebral aneurysm rupture. Which response by the husband indicates that he understands the drug’s use? â€Å"Nimodipine replaces calcium. † â€Å"Nimodipine promotes growth of blood vessels in the brain. † â€Å"Nimodipine reduces the brain’s demand for oxygen. † â€Å"Nimodipine reduces vasospasm in the brain. † Many men who suffer spinal injuries continue to be sexually active. The teaching plan for a man with a spinal cord injury should include sexually concerns. Which of the following injuries would most likely prevent erection and ejaculation? C5 C7 T4 S4 Cathy Bates, age 36, is a homemaker who frequently forgets to take her carbamazepine (Tegretol). As a result, she has been experiencing seizures. How can the nurse best help the patient remember to take her medication? Tell her take her medication at bedtime. Instruct her to take her medication after one of her favorite television shows. Explain that she should take her medication with breakfast. Tell her to buy an alarm watch to remind her. Richard Barnes was diagnosed with pneumococcal meningitis. What response by the patient indicates that he understands the precautions necessary with this diagnosis? â€Å"I’m so depressed because I can’t have any visitors for a week. † â€Å"Thank goodness, I’ll only be in isolation for 24 hours. † â€Å"The nurse told me that my urine and stool are also sources of meningitis bacteria. † â€Å"The doctor is a good friend of mine and won’t keep me in isolation. An early symptom associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) includes: Fatigue while talking Change in mental status Numbness of the hands and feet Spontaneous fractures When caring for a patient with esophageal varices, the nurse knows that bleeding in this disorder usually stems from: Esophageal perforation Pulmonary hypertension Portal hypertension Peptic ulcers T iffany Black is diagnosed with type A hepatitis. What special precautions should the nurse take when caring for this patient? Put on a mask and gown before entering the patient’s room. Wear gloves and a gown when removing the patient’s bedpan. Prevent the droplet spread of the organism. Use caution when bringing food to the patient. Discharge instructions for a patient who has been operated on for colorectal cancer include irrigating the colostomy. The nurse knows her teaching is effective when the patient states he’ll contact the doctor if: He experiences abdominal cramping while the irrigant is infusing He has difficulty inserting the irrigation tube into the stoma He expels flatus while the return is running out He’s unable to complete the procedure in 1 hour The nurse explains to the patient who has an abdominal perineal resection that an indwelling urinary catheter must be kept in place for several days afterward because: It prevents urinary tract infection following surgery It prevents urine retention and resulting pressure on the perineal wound It minimizes the risk of wound contamination by the urine It determines whether the surgery caused bladder trauma The first day after, surgery the nurse finds no measurable fecal drainage from a patient’s colostomy stoma. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention? Call the doctor immediately. Obtain an order to irrigate the stoma. Place the patient on bed rest and call the doctor. Continue the current plan of care. If a patient’s GI tract is functioning but he’s unable to take foods by mouth, the preferred method of feeding is: Total parenteral nutrition Peripheral parenteral nutrition Enteral nutrition Oral liquid supplements Which type of solution causes water to shift from the cells into the plasma? Hypertonic Hypotonic Isotonic Alkaline Particles move from an area of greater osmelarity to one of lesser osmolarity through: Active transport Osmosis Diffusion Filtration Which assessment finding indicates dehydration? Tenting of chest skin when pinched Rapid filling of hand veins A pulse that isn’t easily obliterated Neck vein distention Which nursing intervention would most likely lead to a hypo-osmolar state? Performing nasogastric tube irrigation with normal saline solution Weighing the patient daily Administering tap water enema until the return is clear Encouraging the patient with excessive perspiration to dink broth Which assessment finding would indicate an extracellular fluid volume deficit? Bradycardia A central venous pressure of 6 mm Hg Pitting edema An orthostatic blood pressure change A patient with metabolic acidosis has a preexisting problem with the kidneys. Which other organ helps regulate blood pH? Liver Pancreas Lungs heart The nurse considers the patient anuric if the patient; Voids during the nighttime hours Has a urine output of less than 100 ml in 24 hours Has a urine output of at least 100 ml in 2 hours Has pain and burning on urination Which nursing action is appropriate to prevent infection when obtaining a sterile urine specimen from an indwelling urinary catheter? Aspirate urine from the tubing port using a sterile syringe and needle Disconnect the catheter from the tubing and obtain urine Open the drainage bag and pour out some urine Wear sterile gloves when obtaining urine After undergoing a transurethral resection of the prostate to treat benign prostatic hypertrophy, a patient is retuned to the room with continuous bladder irrigation in place. One day later, the patient reports bladder pain. What should the nurse do first? Increase the I. V. flow rate Notify the doctor immediately Assess the irrigation catheter for patency and drainage Administer meperidine (Demerol) as prescribed A patient comes to the hospital complaining of sudden onset of sharp, severe pain originating in the lumbar region and radiating around the side and toward the bladder. The patient also reports nausea and vomiting and appears pale, diaphoretic, and anxious. The doctor tentatively diagnoses renal calculi and orders flat-plate abdominal X-rays. Renal calculi can form anywhere in the urinary tract. What is their most common formation site? Kidney Ureter Bladder Urethra A patient comes to the hospital complaining of severe pain in the right flank, nausea, and vomiting. The doctor tentatively diagnoses right ureter-olithiasis (renal calculi). When planning this patient’s care, the nurse should assign highest priority to which nursing diagnosis? Pain Risk of infection Altered urinary elimination Altered nutrition: less than body requirements The nurse is reviewing the report of a patient’s routine urinalysis. Which of the following values should the nurse consider abnormal? Specific gravity of 1. 002 Urine pH of 3 Absence of protein Absence of glucose A patient with suspected renal insufficiency is scheduled for a comprehensive diagnostic work-up. After the nurse explains the diagnostic tests, the patient asks which part of the kidney â€Å"does the work. Which answer is correct? The glomerulus Bowman’s capsule The nephron The tubular system During a shock state, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system exerts which of the following effects on renal function? Decreased urine output, increased reabsorption of sodium and water Decreased urine output, decreased reabsorption of sodium and water Increased urine output, increased reabsorption of sodium and water Increased urine output, decreased reabsorption of sodium and water While assessing a patient who complained of lower abdominal pressure, the nurse notes a firm mass extending above the symphysis pubis. The nurse suspects: A urinary tract infection Renal calculi An enlarged kidney A distended bladder Gregg Lohan, age 75, is admitted to the medical-surgical floor with weakness and left-sided chest pain. The symptoms have been present for several weeks after a viral illness. Which assessment finding is most symptomatic of pericarditis? Pericardial friction rub Bilateral crackles auscultated at the lung bases Pain unrelieved by a change in position Third heart sound (S3) James King is admitted to the hospital with right-side-heart failure. When assessing him for jugular vein distention, the nurse should position him: Lying on his side with the head of the bed flat. Sitting upright. Flat on his back. Lying on his back with the head of the bed elevated 30 to 45 degrees. The nurse is interviewing a slightly overweight 43-year-old man with mild emphysema and borderline hypertension. He admits to smoking a pack of cigarettes per day. When developing a teaching plan, which of the following should receive highest priority to help decrease respiratory complications? Weight reduction Decreasing salt intake Smoking cessation Decreasing caffeine intake What is the ratio of chest compressions to ventilations when one rescuer performs cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on an adult? 15:1 15:2 12:1 12:2 When assessing a patient for fluid and electrolyte balance, the nurse is aware that the organs most important in maintaining this balance are the: Pituitary gland and pancreas Liver and gallbladder. Brain stem and heart. Lungs and kidneys. Nursing questions free essay sample The nurse is performing her admission assessment of a patient. When grading arterial pulses, a 1+ pulse indicates: Above normal perfusion. Absent perfusion. Normal perfusion. Diminished perfusion. Murmurs that indicate heart disease are often accompanied by other symptoms such as: Dyspnea on exertion. Subcutaneous emphysema. Thoracic petechiae. Periorbital edema. Which pregnancy-related physiologic change would place the patient with a history of cardiac disease at the greatest risk of developing severe cardiac problems? Decrease heart rate Decreased cardiac output Increased plasma volume Increased blood pressure The priority nursing diagnosis for the patient with cardiomyopathy is: Anxiety related to risk of declining health status. Ineffective individual coping related to fear of debilitating illness Fluid volume excess related to altered compensatory mechanisms. Decreased cardiac output related to reduced myocardial contractility. A patient with thrombophlebitis reached her expected outcomes of care. Her affected leg appears pink and warm. Her pedal pulse is palpable and there is no edema present. We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing questions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Which step in the nursing process is described above? Planning Implementation Analysis Evaluation An elderly patient may have sustained a basilar skull fracture after slipping and falling on an icy sidewalk. The nurse knows that basilar skull factures: Are the least significant type of skull fracture. May have cause cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks from the nose or ears. Have no characteristic findings. Are always surgically repaired. Which of the following types of drugs might be given to control increased intracranial pressure (ICP)? Barbiturates Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors Anticholinergics Histamine receptor blockers The nurse is teaching family members of a patient with a concussion about the early signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which of the following would she cite as an early sign of increased ICP? Decreased systolic blood pressure Headache and vomiting Inability to wake the patient with noxious stimuli Dilated pupils that don’t react to light Jessie James is diagnosed with retinal detachment. Which intervention is the most important for this patient? Admitting him to the hospital on strict bed rest Patching both of his eyes Referring him to an ophthalmologist Preparing him for surgery  Dr. Bruce Owen, a chemist, sustained a chemical burn to one eye. Which intervention takes priority for a patient with a chemical burn of the eye? Patch the affected eye and call the ophthalmologist. Administer a cycloplegic agent to reduce ciliary spasm. Immediately instill a tropical anesthetic, then irrigate the eye with saline solution. Administer antibiotics to reduce the risk of infection The nurse is assessing a patient and notes a Brudzinski’s sign and Kernig’s sign. These are two classic signs of which of the following disorders? Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) Meningitis Seizure disorder Parkinson’s disease A patient is admitted to the hospital for a brain biopsy. The nurse knows that the most common type of primary brain tumor is: Meningioma. Angioma. Hemangioblastoma. Glioma. The nurse should instruct the patient with Parkinson’s disease to avoid which of the following? Walking in an indoor shopping mall Sitting on the deck on a cool summer evening Walking to the car on a cold winter day Sitting on the beach in the sun on a summer day Gary Jordan suffered a cerebrovascular accident that left her unable to comprehend speech and unable to speak. This type of aphasia is known as: Receptive aphasia Expressive aphasia Global aphasia Conduction aphasia Kelly Smith complains that her headaches are occurring more frequently despite medications. Patients with a history of headaches should be taught to avoid: Freshly prepared meats. Citrus fruits. Skim milk Chocolate Immediately following cerebral aneurysm rupture, the patient usually complains of: Photophobia Explosive headache Seizures Hemiparesis Which of the following is a cause of embolic brain injury? Persistent hypertension Subarachnoid hemorrhage Atrial fibrillation Skull fracture Although Ms. Priestly has a spinal cord injury, she can still have sexual intercourse. Discharge teaching should make her aware that: She must remove indwelling urinary catheter prior to intercourse. She can no longer achieve orgasm. Positioning may be awkward. She can still get pregnant. Ivy Hopkins, age 25, suffered a cervical fracture requiring immobilization with halo traction. When caring for the patient in halo traction, the nurse must: Keep a wrench taped to the halo vest for quick removal if cardiopulmonary resuscitation is necessary. Remove the brace once a day to allow the patient to rest. Encourage the patient to use a pillow under the ring. Remove the brace so that the patient can shower. The nurse asks a patient’s husband if he understands why his wife is receiving nimodipine (Nimotop), since she suffered a cerebral aneurysm rupture. Which response by the husband indicates that he understands the drug’s use? â€Å"Nimodipine replaces calcium. † â€Å"Nimodipine promotes growth of blood vessels in the brain. † â€Å"Nimodipine reduces the brain’s demand for oxygen. † â€Å"Nimodipine reduces vasospasm in the brain. † Many men who suffer spinal injuries continue to be sexually active. The teaching plan for a man with a spinal cord injury should include sexually concerns. Which of the following injuries would most likely prevent erection and ejaculation? C5 C7 T4 S4 Cathy Bates, age 36, is a homemaker who frequently forgets to take her carbamazepine (Tegretol). As a result, she has been experiencing seizures. How can the nurse best help the patient remember to take her medication? Tell her take her medication at bedtime. Instruct her to take her medication after one of her favorite television shows. Explain that she should take her medication with breakfast. Tell her to buy an alarm watch to remind her. Richard Barnes was diagnosed with pneumococcal meningitis. What response by the patient indicates that he understands the precautions necessary with this diagnosis? â€Å"I’m so depressed because I can’t have any visitors for a week. † â€Å"Thank goodness, I’ll only be in isolation for 24 hours. † â€Å"The nurse told me that my urine and stool are also sources of meningitis bacteria. † â€Å"The doctor is a good friend of mine and won’t keep me in isolation. An early symptom associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) includes: Fatigue while talking Change in mental status Numbness of the hands and feet Spontaneous fractures When caring for a patient with esophageal varices, the nurse knows that bleeding in this disorder usually stems from: Esophageal perforation Pulmonary hypertension Portal hypertension Peptic ulcers Tiffany Black is diagnosed with type A hepatitis. What special precautions should the nurse take when caring for this patient? Put on a mask and gown before entering the patient’s room. Wear gloves and a gown when removing the patient’s bedpan. Prevent the droplet spread of the organism. Use caution when bringing food to the patient. Discharge instructions for a patient who has been operated on for colorectal cancer include irrigating the colostomy. The nurse knows her teaching is effective when the patient states he’ll contact the doctor if: He experiences abdominal cramping while the irrigant is infusing He has difficulty inserting the irrigation tube into the stoma He expels flatus while the return is running out He’s unable to complete the procedure in 1 hour The nurse explains to the patient who has an abdominal perineal resection that an indwelling urinary catheter must be kept in place for several days afterward because: It prevents urinary tract infection following surgery It prevents urine retention and resulting pressure on the perineal wound It minimizes the risk of wound contamination by the urine It determines whether the surgery caused bladder trauma The first day after, surgery the nurse finds no measurable fecal drainage from a patient’s colostomy stoma. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention? Call the doctor immediately. Obtain an order to irrigate the stoma. Place the patient on bed rest and call the doctor. Continue the current plan of care. If a patient’s GI tract is functioning but he’s unable to take foods by mouth, the preferred method of feeding is: Total parenteral nutrition Peripheral parenteral nutrition Enteral nutrition Oral liquid supplements Which type of solution causes water to shift from the cells into the plasma? Hypertonic Hypotonic Isotonic Alkaline Particles move from an area of greater osmelarity to one of lesser osmolarity through: Active transport Osmosis Diffusion Filtration Which assessment finding indicates dehydration? Tenting of chest skin when pinched Rapid filling of hand veins A pulse that isn’t easily obliterated Neck vein distention Which nursing intervention would most likely lead to a hypo-osmolar state? Performing nasogastric tube irrigation with normal saline solution Weighing the patient daily Administering tap water enema until the return is clear Encouraging the patient with excessive perspiration to dink broth Which assessment finding would indicate an extracellular fluid volume deficit? Bradycardia A central venous pressure of 6 mm Hg Pitting edema An orthostatic blood pressure change A patient with metabolic acidosis has a preexisting problem with the kidneys. Which other organ helps regulate blood pH? Liver Pancreas Lungs heart The nurse considers the patient anuric if the patient; Voids during the nighttime hours Has a urine output of less than 100 ml in 24 hours Has a urine output of at least 100 ml in 2 hours Has pain and burning on urination Which nursing action is appropriate to prevent infection when obtaining a sterile urine specimen from an indwelling urinary catheter? Aspirate urine from the tubing port using a sterile syringe and needle Disconnect the catheter from the tubing and obtain urine Open the drainage bag and pour out some urine Wear sterile gloves when obtaining urine After undergoing a transurethral resection of the prostate to treat benign prostatic hypertrophy, a patient is retuned to the room with continuous bladder irrigation in place. One day later, the patient reports bladder pain. What should the nurse do first? Increase the I. V. flow rate Notify the doctor immediately Assess the irrigation catheter for patency and drainage Administer meperidine (Demerol) as prescribed A patient comes to the hospital complaining of sudden onset of sharp, severe pain originating in the lumbar region and radiating around the side and toward the bladder. The patient also reports nausea and vomiting and appears pale, diaphoretic, and anxious. The doctor tentatively diagnoses renal calculi and orders flat-plate abdominal X-rays. Renal calculi can form anywhere in the urinary tract. What is their most common formation site? Kidney Ureter Bladder Urethra A patient comes to the hospital complaining of severe pain in the right flank, nausea, and vomiting. The doctor tentatively diagnoses right ureter-olithiasis (renal calculi). When planning this patient’s care, the nurse should assign highest priority to which nursing diagnosis? Pain Risk of infection Altered urinary elimination Altered nutrition: less than body requirements The nurse is reviewing the report of a patient’s routine urinalysis. Which of the following values should the nurse consider abnormal? Specific gravity of 1. 002 Urine pH of 3 Absence of protein Absence of glucose A patient with suspected renal insufficiency is scheduled for a comprehensive diagnostic work-up. After the nurse explains the diagnostic tests, the patient asks which part of the kidney â€Å"does the work. Which answer is correct? The glomerulus Bowman’s capsule The nephron The tubular system During a shock state, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system exerts which of the following effects on renal function? Decreased urine output, increased reabsorption of sodium and water Decreased urine output, decreased reabsorption of sodium and water Increased urine output, increased reabsorption of sodium and water Increased urine output, decreased reabsorption of sodium and water While assessing a patient who complained of lower abdominal pressure, the nurse notes a firm mass extending above the symphysis pubis. The nurse suspects: A urinary tract infection Renal calculi An enlarged kidney A distended bladder Gregg Lohan, age 75, is admitted to the medical-surgical floor with weakness and left-sided chest pain. The symptoms have been present for several weeks after a viral illness. Which assessment finding is most symptomatic of pericarditis? Pericardial friction rub Bilateral crackles auscultated at the lung bases Pain unrelieved by a change in position Third heart sound (S3) James King is admitted to the hospital with right-side-heart failure. When assessing him for jugular vein distention, the nurse should position him: Lying on his side with the head of the bed flat. Sitting upright. Flat on his back. Lying on his back with the head of the bed elevated 30 to 45 degrees. The nurse is interviewing a slightly overweight 43-year-old man with mild emphysema and borderline hypertension. He admits to smoking a pack of cigarettes per day. When developing a teaching plan, which of the following should receive highest priority to help decrease respiratory complications?

Agoraphobia(Anxiety Disorder) essays

Agoraphobia(Anxiety Disorder) essays The term agoraphobia has been widely misunderstood. Its literal definition suggests a fear of "open spaces". However, this is an incomplete and misleading view. Agoraphobics are not necessarily afraid of open spaces. Rather, they are afraid of having panicky feelings, wherever. these fearful feelings may occur. For many, they happen at home, in houses of worship, or in crowded supermarkets, places that are certainly not "open". In fact, agoraphobia is a condition which develops when a person begins to avoid spaces or situations associated with anxiety. Typical "phobic situations" might include driving, shopping, crowded places, traveling, standing in line, being alone, meetings and social gatherings. Agoraphobia arises; from an internal anxiety condition that has become so intense that the suffering individual fears going anywhere or doing anything where these feelings of panic have repeatedly occurred before. Once the panic attacks have started, these episodes become the ongoing stress, even when other more obvious pressures have diminished. This sets up a "feedback condition" which generally leads to increased numbers of panic attacks and, for some people, an increase in the situations or events which can produce panicky feelings. Others experience fearful feelings continuously, more a feeling of overall. discomfort, rather than panic. A person may fear having anxiety attacks, "losing control", or embarrassing him/herself in such situations. Many people remain in a painful state of anxious anticipation because of these fears. Some become restricted or "housebound" while others function "normally" but with great difficulty, often attempting to hide their discomfort. Agoraphobia, then, is both a severe anxiety condition and a phobia, as well as a pattern of avoidant behavior. Individuals do not develop agoraphobia because they are unintelligent or "weak". In fact, the opposite is true. Studies have shown that agoraphobics a...

The YUM brands Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The YUM brands - Essay Example Yum! Brand is one of the new developed companies worldwide. For instance, in 2010, the Company opened more than 500 restaurants in the mainland China. The main aim of the company is to be a leader in every significant food service category in China. KFC was the first restaurant chain to enter China in 1987 with quick services. It was also the first to bring franchising to China in 1992. KFC is still the number one quick-service restaurant brand in China.   Furthermore, it is the largest and fastest developing restaurant in the country with about 3,500 restaurants in different cities. Pizza Hut company was the first restaurant in the chain to introduce pizza and the western food-style to China in 1990 and was also the first to introduce the delivery of pizza to China in 2001. Pizza Hut has therefore emerged to be the number one casual dining brand in China with more than 560 Pizza Hut dining restaurants in many cities (Nunes et al 2010). The improvement of KFC in China is a clear in dication that knowing a business environment is very important. This is because the KFC brands have great force in China as they strive to achieve their goal and increase the business performance. The core part of improving the business is by understanding the STEP analysis. STEP analysis of business is an environmental model that stands for Social, Technological, Economic and Political factors. STEP is also used to represent the decision and frame work of macro-environment factors that are used in scanning. Other models such as SWOT, Mintizberg, and transformation model can also be used to describe the business environment.   In order to achieve the proposed goals, the business should consider various environmental factors both external and internal. When doing market search, the company is required to take into consideration various external factors that would help to know the progress of the business performance. Environmental analysis is relatively qualitative and involves the identification analysis of environmental variables, which influence the business performance. SWOT analysis and PESTEL analysis are some of the environmental analysis frameworks that have been given much attention in the world of business management literature (  Leo 1999). The international differences in habits, value, tastes and demographics, age structure, lifestyle, and income of the local people are some of the social factors that illustrate what contributed to the success of KFC in China which has the greatest number of populations. The main social factors that affect KFC store include demographic issues explaining the extent of the diverse population that contribute to the large number of its diverse consumers. For KFC to succeed in China, its managers made every effort in order to ensure that the company appeared as part of the community. In addition, demographics are in the same category with the values that are held by that particular community so as to reflect on thei r lifestyle or way of life. Most KFC customers are presented to be in the same age structure of population, class, and the structure of income of the local population (Qin, Prybutok,& Zhao, 2010). For instance, in the corner grocery shop, most customers are people living nearby, the families, the people of same age groups, and the immigrants of the area. Business environmental analysis looks at the intrinsic factors in the business envi